Beach handball: genesis, rules, details

You can’t mess around with a handball. If you make a mistake with your choice, the training becomes a farce. The projectile bounces around, flies past the target, knocks your fingers out and doesn’t stay in your hand. To avoid such “tricks”, it is important to understand in advance how to choose a handball. Below is a step-by-step algorithm without window dressing and advertising clichés. Only specifics and common sense.

One list – all parameters

In the process of choosing handball equipment, it is important to consider several criteria at once.

What to check when choosing a handball so that you don’t make a mistake:

1. Size – whether it corresponds to the age and category of the player (see IHF classification).
2. Weight – standard range according to official tables.
3. Material – natural leather or synthetic depending on playing conditions.
4. Surface – presence of microtexture for grip without resin.
5. Player level – beginner, amateur or professional.
6. Purpose – training, competition, children’s section.
7. Manufacturer – compliance with IHF standards, availability of labelling.

This checklist allows you to quickly determine how to choose a handball without too much trial and error.

Size is not a whim, it’s a science

A couple of millimetres make the difference. Manufacturers divide handball equipment according to the official dimensions approved by the IHF. Each type corresponds to a strictly defined age and gender category. Handball by size is classified according to the following system:

1. Size 1 (girth 50-52 cm, weight 290-330 g) – for children 8-12 years old.
2. Size 2 (girth 54-56 cm, weight 325-375 g) – for girls 14+, boys 12-16.
3. Size 3 (girth 58-60cm, weight 425-475g) – standard for men 16+.

Incorrect diameter disrupts technique and slows progress. Too large a projectile is often the cause of wrist injuries in young athletes. This is regularly reported by coaches. Therefore, if you want to understand how to choose a handball, start with the main thing. Get the right size according to the age and fitness of the player.

The age of the player is the key to balance

You can’t put a beginner with professional level equipment. Weight, bounce, grip – everything plays against. Handball by age is chosen based on the level of formation of muscles and motor skills. Children under 10 years old have not yet formed their hands, so professional models cause rapid fatigue and lose effectiveness in training. For this category, preference is given to softer and lighter shells with a non-aggressive texture.

Boys aged 12-15 successfully master the second size. With regular training it helps to form the correct passing and throwing technique. From the age of 16, the transition to the third size is necessary to adapt to the competitive load of the adult level.

How to choose a handball for a beginner – it is important to take into account not only age, but also muscle preparation. For a teenager who is new to the parquet, a lightweight training model, rather than an official championship ball, is suitable.

Material and its importance

The ball is not just an implement. It is an extension of the hand, an instrument of precision and a sense of pace. The material determines grip, flight behaviour, bounce and wear.

The leather ball is a classic. Uses natural leather, provides a perfect grip, especially when using special resin. It is suitable for professional matches and tournaments. But it quickly loses its shape when played intensively without care.

Synthetic ball – optimal for indoor, outdoor, and resin-free training. Not afraid of moisture, holds its shape longer, requires minimal maintenance. An everyday option, especially for mass training and schools.

Professional clubs often purchase both options: one for matches and one for routine training. The choice therefore depends on the purpose: competition, training, street play or hall.

Surface: grip without resin

Manufacturers treat the outer coating in different ways: rough polyurethane inserts, rubberised elements, microtexture. For beginners, models with a non-slip surface without the need to use resin are preferable. Coaches recommend these options as a starting point to develop grip without aids. Sections and schools prohibit glue – and this makes the choice particularly important.

A separate approach to training

Training models are made of durable synthetics or rubber with reinforced seams. Weight – closer to the upper limit to develop strength. Surface – reduces slippage.

Intensive training requires a hard-wearing material that retains its shape after hundreds of throws. Weak equipment reduces efficiency by almost a quarter, as confirmed by European coaches.

For throws, one model. For the street – another. High bounce hinders technique, weak bounce hinders dynamics. How to choose a handball for training – take into account the surface, the format of training and the level of the player.

Adult or child: what changes

Age affects the strength of the throw and the amplitude of movement. A child cannot cope with an adult projectile – loses accuracy.

Hand size, endurance – everything grows over the years. Going to a larger size prematurely throws off the technique.

An adult handball player will not achieve the necessary dynamics with a smaller model – timing is lost. How to choose handball equipment – take into account the physical characteristics of age, and not be guided by appearance.

Beginner does not equal inexperience

The opinion that handballs for beginners are toys is wrong. The beginner models of well-known brands are fully certified. The difference is in softness, less bounce and increased safety.

How to choose a handball for a beginner – you need to understand what skills you need to develop. They will suit lightweight models with a sure grip, reducing stress on the joints.

The Select Kids series is designed for 8-12 year olds, Kempa Tiro is often used in resin-free training.

Handball requires precision – the shell delivers results

Handball is about speed, control and marksmanship. The wrong model and the whole dynamic collapses. Teams tailor their equipment to their style of play. Minimal bounce – for control, high – for high-speed attacks.

Handball by age is selected by section coaches taking into account height, weight, level of fear and experience. Synthetic universal models are suitable for adult amateurs. On the right choice depends on technique, safety and development.

How to choose a handball: the main thing

Handball equipment is not an accessory, but a precise sports tool. Mistakes in the choice provoke injuries, confuse technique, inhibit development. How to choose a handball is based on the parameters: age, size, level, material and purpose. Only an exact match will ensure results. Proper selection increases efficiency, reduces risk and helps you reach your potential. The right tool becomes an extension of the hand, not a hindrance.

Many people who begin to study this interesting sport are interested in how many handball players are on the court at the same time. And why exactly this number. This mystery goes to the very roots of the game’s history and forms its unique character. The standards set are the result of years of analyses, balance and decisions that continue to influence the game to this day.

The history of handball and the number of players on the pitch

To understand why there are seven players on the field at the same time, we need to delve into history and understand how the sport has evolved.

From inception to modern times

The game, similar to modern handball, originated in the early 20th century in Denmark, when gymnastics teacher Holger Nielsen came up with his own version of the ball game for schoolchildren. In the original version on the field could be up to eleven people from the team, but in the 1920s there was a need to standardise the rules for international competitions. In 1936, the International Handball Federation (IHF) adopted the number seven as the optimal number to create equal opportunities between attack and defence.

Evolution and standardisation of the rules

Experts reasoned about how many players there should be in handball and the decision about the number of people on the field was formed gradually. The first experiments showed that small teams allowed to maintain a higher tempo and increased the number of strategies. It was the seven players that made it possible to create a dynamic and interesting environment where key moments were built around synchronisation and teamwork. It is not only about balance, but also about intensive physical training, where every movement is important for overall success.

Composition of the handball team and their functions

Seven people on the court is a lot more than it seems. Each member fulfils a unique function, and their combination forms the basis for tactical success. Roles require specific skills and an understanding of the team’s overall strategy, and this is influenced by several factors including physical fitness, ability to make quick decisions and level of communication.

Key positions and their tasks

Every handball team has a goalkeeper, two defenders, two midfielders and two forwards. These positions are not just allocated to cover the court. They play a strategic role in attack and defence. The composition of the team is determined so that each player has a clearly defined area of responsibility and can co-operate effectively with other athletes on the field.

Roles on the team:

1. Goalkeeper. His main task is to deflect shots. But his role goes far beyond defence. He initiates counter-attacks by directing the ball to his mates. The goalkeeper also coordinates the defence by telling the defenders which areas to cover.
2. Defenders. Their duty is to block opponents, assist the goalkeeper and ensure control of the centre of the pitch. They must be strong and tough to withstand physical attacks and stop high-speed breakthroughs.
3. Midfielders and forwards. The main attacking force of the team, their task is to play combinations, create chances and realise shots. Midfielders often have to find unconventional solutions for passing to the goal, working on the edge of the foul line and using their speed and manoeuvrability. The forwards must be able to finish attacks accurately, utilise space and make timely connections.

Substitution tactics and energy saving strategy

Substitutions are an integral part of any handball team’s strategy. It is often the coach’s ability to make the right and timely substitution that determines the outcome of a match. Substitutions help to keep the pace of play high and allow players to rest, preventing overexertion.

Substitution rules and their influence on the dynamics of the game

The substitution of players in handball takes place at any moment of the game, which makes it an integral part of the overall tactics. An important condition is that a player must leave the field before a new player enters, otherwise a penalty will result. Quick substitutions keep the tempo high and introduce fresh players at critical moments in the match. Coaches can change players as the match progresses, adapting tactics and strengthening the team’s weaknesses.

Strategic substitutions

Substitutions are not only used to rest athletes. It is also a way to adapt to changing situations on the court. For example, the coach can replace a defenceman with an attacker when the team needs to score a goal urgently. Or vice versa – at crucial moments, an experienced defender can be introduced to strengthen the defence.

Roles and importance of each player in the team

Each player in handball fulfils a clear task and his contribution to the game can hardly be overestimated. The coordinated work of the whole team determines the efficiency and effectiveness of the actions on the field. Each position requires specific skills and competences, and understanding these roles helps to create a truly cohesive team.

The role of the goalkeeper and his impact on the game

The goalkeeper is a unique position. He doesn’t just deflect shots, but starts attacks by passing the ball forward quickly. His game requires instant reaction and the ability to read the intentions of the attackers, anticipating their movements. The goalkeeper must have a high level of mental toughness, as his mistakes can cost the team a goal. He is also responsible for the overall organisation of the defence and often decides to rearrange the defenders depending on the direction of the opponent’s attack.

Reserve players: how many of them there are in handball

Reserve players are a strategic resource that the coach uses depending on the situation on the pitch. They come in at key moments to strengthen the attack or defence, bringing fresh energy and a new perspective to the game. The roles of reserve handball players are important to maintain the level of play, and it is often their unexpected actions that are decisive in a tight contest. Reserves must be ready to get involved in the game instantly, understanding the current tactics and dynamics of the game, which requires high concentration and excellent physical fitness.

Conclusion

Now you know how many players there are in handball. The number determines the nature of the game, its intensity and unpredictability. History, rules and strategy all make the sport as we know it: dynamic, powerful and truly exciting. Every player – from the goalkeeper to the striker – makes a major contribution.